Hookahs are water pipes with a rich history, often used in social settings across many cultures. While modern designs vary in shape and material, most hookahs are built around the same set of core parts—each playing a role in how the device functions.

1. Bowl (or Head)
   This is the top part of the hookah where the flavored material is placed. It usually holds a heat source above it, often separated by foil or a heat screen.
2. Ash Tray
   Located directly below the bowl, this part catches any falling ash or debris. It also gives a safe place to rest a piece of charcoal.
3. Stem (or Shaft)
   The long vertical piece that connects the bowl to the base. This part often includes decorative elements and acts as the main airflow path.
4. Base (or Vase)
   The water-filled chamber at the bottom. As air is drawn through, the smoke travels through the water, which cools and filters it before it continues through the hose.
5. Hose Port and Hose
   The hose connects to the body of the hookah, allowing the user to draw smoke from the base. Some hookahs have multiple hose ports for group settings.
6. Release Valve (Purge Valve)
   This small one-way valve allows stale smoke to be cleared from the base. It improves airflow and resets the session with each use.
7. Grommets and Seals
   These small rubber or silicone pieces hold everything in place and prevent air from leaking during use. They’re essential for keeping a tight, efficient seal.

Each part plays a role in how the hookah cools and delivers vapor. Whether someone is learning about setup or just exploring how it works, knowing these parts makes the whole system easier to understand.